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GangtokPollution Health Impact

788 days of CPCB data (2022–2024), translated through WHO 2021, Berkeley Earth and EPIC AQLI methods. Based on CPCB station data, 2016–present.

1.3 cigs/day2.4 y lost16.6% AQG daysNE zone

Sikkim · Live Gangtok AQI →

Living in Gangtok is the population-level health-equivalent of smoking 1.3 cigarettes a day — roughly 490 cigarettes a year. On average, that chronic exposure shortens life expectancy by about 2.4 years per resident.

Cigarette-equivalence (Berkeley Earth 2015) and life-years lost (EPIC AQLI) are peer-reviewed communication heuristics, not clinical diagnoses. Full sources linked on the methodology page.

Headline impact numbers

Cigarettes / day equivalent
1.3
490 cigs/year (Berkeley Earth)
Life-years lost per resident
2.4
AQLI coefficient (EPIC Chicago)
WHO AQG clean days
131
of 788 (16.6%)

Cigarettes/day by year

Annual average cigarette-equivalent.

0120.920221.620231.32024

Clean-air days (NAQI ≤ 50) by year

Days when NAQI stayed in the “Good” band.

2022154 of 180 days (85.6%)202376 of 331 days (23.0%)2024157 of 277 days (56.7%)

Which WHO tier did Gangtok meet?

24-hour PM2.5 compliance vs WHO 2021 targets.

  • AQG
    131 days (16.6%)
  • IT-4
    158 days (20.1%)
  • IT-3
    362 days (45.9%)
  • IT-2
    74 days (9.4%)
  • IT-1
    50 days (6.3%)
  • Above IT-1
    13 days (1.6%)

WHO AQG (15) · IT-4 (25) · IT-3 (37.5) · IT-2 (50) · IT-1 (75) µg/m³ (24-hour PM2.5).

Life-years lost, by disease

Applying WHO's global attribution (68/14/14/4) to Gangtok's 2.4 year estimate.

2.4ylost / person
  • Heart + stroke: 1.6y
  • COPD: 0.3y
  • Child ALRI: 0.3y
  • Lung cancer: 0.1y

Worst and best months

Worst month
Mar
2.0 cigs/day equivalent
Best month
Jul
0.9 cigs/day equivalent

Drill into full monthly pattern on the seasonal Gangtok page →

High-risk days for vulnerable residents

Days above WHO IT-3 (37.5 µg/m³) — pregnancy & infant risk elevated
137 (17.4%)
Days above WHO IT-1 (75 µg/m³) — high risk for children under 5
13 (1.6%)

Source: WHO 2021 AQG interim-target risk framework; WHO 2024 ambient-air fact sheet identifies children under 5 and pregnant residents as the most vulnerable groups.

How Gangtok compares to nearby cities

  • Similar exposure
    Gadag
    1.5 cigs/day · 2.7 y lost · +0.1 vs Gangtok
  • Similar exposure
    Tiruchirappalli
    1.4 cigs/day · 2.5 y lost · +0.1 vs Gangtok
  • Cleaner peer
    Madurai
    1.3 cigs/day · 2.3 y lost · -0.0 vs Gangtok
  • Dirtier peer
    Ariyalur
    1.3 cigs/day · 2.4 y lost · +0.0 vs Gangtok

What the numbers say

Overview

Gangtok's air pollution translates to about 1.3 passive cigarettes per resident per day. That's 490 cigarette-equivalents annually, inhaled without choice.

The data story

EPIC's AQLI research attributes about 2.4 life-years lost per person from this chronic exposure. The WHO Air Quality Guideline was met on just 131 of 788 days (16.6%); 13 days (1.6%) exceeded even the 75 µg/m³ Interim Target-1 threshold.

Why this pattern

The burden concentrates in March — when the average cigarette-equivalent climbs to 2.0/day — and eases in July (0.9/day). Globally, WHO attributes 68% of PM2.5 deaths to heart disease and stroke, with the remainder split across COPD, childhood ALRI, and lung cancer.

What to do with this

Cigarette-equivalence is a communication tool, not a medical verdict. Still, the direction is clear: time indoors with a HEPA unit and a good-fit mask outdoors during the 137 days (17.4%) above WHO IT-3 meaningfully lowers exposure — especially for pregnant residents and children under 5.

Frequently asked questions

More Gangtok analytics