Netrakona Air Quality Index (AQI)

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Netrakona, situated in the Mymensingh Division of Bangladesh (coordinates 24.8835° N, 90.7290° E), occupies a geographically significant position within the northeast of the country. The city’s landscape is predominantly characterized by undulating terrain, part of the Shillong Plateau’s southern fringe, resulting in moderate elevations that influence local air circulation patterns. Surrounded by the lush, rolling hills of the Meghalaya Plateau, Netrakona benefits from a relatively rural setting, though it serves as a regional hub for surrounding agricultural communities. The region is interwoven with a network of rivers and streams, including the Barak River and its tributaries, contributing to a humid subtropical climate and influencing local humidity levels. While Netrakona itself is a relatively small urban center with a population of approximately 91,936, its proximity to agricultural zones—particularly rice paddies and jute cultivation—introduces localized sources of particulate matter, especially during harvesting seasons. The urban–rural gradient is gradual, with agricultural land quickly transitioning to residential areas within the city limits. The surrounding landscape, dominated by forests and agricultural fields, generally provides some natural air filtration, but the lack of significant industrial zones within immediate proximity doesn't entirely negate the impact of agricultural practices and vehicular emissions from the growing population and transportation networks. Topography creates localized valleys where pollutants can accumulate, particularly during periods of low wind speed.

Netrakona’s air quality experiences a distinct seasonal cycle dictated by the region’s monsoon climate. The monsoon season, typically spanning June to September, brings heavy rainfall and increased humidity, generally leading to a temporary reduction in particulate matter as precipitation washes pollutants from the atmosphere. However, the increased moisture can exacerbate the effects of gaseous pollutants. The pre-monsoon period (March-May) often sees a rise in air quality concerns due to increased dust from agricultural activities like land preparation and harvesting, combined with rising temperatures that promote the formation of ground-level ozone. The dry season (November-February) presents a different challenge. Cooler temperatures and frequent fog, particularly in December and January, trap pollutants near the ground, leading to stagnant air and potential accumulation of particulate matter and other emissions. Wind speeds are typically low during this period, hindering dispersion. The post-monsoon period (October) offers a transitional phase with gradually improving air quality as rainfall decreases and temperatures begin to rise. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should exercise caution during the pre-monsoon and dry seasons, limiting outdoor exertion during peak pollution hours. Agricultural workers are particularly vulnerable during the pre-monsoon period and should utilize appropriate protective gear. Maintaining indoor air quality through ventilation and air purification can also provide relief during periods of elevated pollution.