Sherpur Air Quality Index (AQI)

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Sherpur, a district town within the Rajshahi Division of Bangladesh, occupies a geographically significant position within the northwest region. Located at approximately 24.6765° N, 89.4159° E, the town’s terrain is predominantly flat, characteristic of the Bengal Plain. This low-lying landscape, averaging around 30 meters above sea level, contributes to a relatively stable atmospheric layer, which can, unfortunately, trap pollutants under certain meteorological conditions. Sherpur is surrounded by a mosaic of agricultural land, primarily rice paddies and jute fields, interspersed with smaller settlements and scattered groves of trees. The proximity to these agricultural zones introduces biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) into the atmosphere, which can react with other pollutants to form secondary aerosols. While Sherpur lacks direct access to major rivers, it’s within reach of the Padma River, influencing regional humidity and potentially impacting atmospheric stability. The urban–rural gradient around Sherpur is gradual; the town itself is relatively small, with a population of approximately 51,750, meaning industrial activity is limited. However, its role as a regional administrative and market center generates localized pollution from vehicular traffic and small-scale businesses. The surrounding landscape, while largely rural, is experiencing increasing pressure from agricultural intensification and limited, localized brick kilns, both of which can contribute to particulate matter emissions. The flat topography and surrounding agricultural land create a setting where pollutant dispersion can be challenging, particularly during periods of stagnant air.

Sherpur’s air quality follows a distinct seasonal pattern dictated by Bangladesh’s monsoon climate. The pre-monsoon season (March-May) typically witnesses the poorest air quality. Rising temperatures and decreasing rainfall create stable atmospheric conditions, often leading to temperature inversions where cooler air is trapped beneath a layer of warmer air, preventing vertical mixing and concentrating pollutants near the ground. Agricultural burning, a common practice to clear fields for the next planting season, significantly contributes to particulate matter pollution during this period. The monsoon season (June-September) brings relief as increased rainfall and strong winds effectively flush out pollutants, leading to a noticeable improvement in air quality. However, heavy rainfall can also lead to increased humidity and the release of mold spores, impacting respiratory health for some. The post-monsoon season (October-November) sees a gradual return to drier conditions, with a resurgence of agricultural burning and a potential for fog formation, particularly in November. Fog traps pollutants close to the ground, exacerbating respiratory issues. Winter months (December-February) are generally cooler and drier, with periods of dense fog, which can severely degrade air quality. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions, should limit outdoor activity during these periods, especially when fog is present. During the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, wearing masks and avoiding areas with heavy traffic or agricultural burning is advisable. Maintaining indoor air quality through ventilation and air purifiers can also provide some protection.