Mucuri Air Quality Index (AQI)

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Mucuri, Bahia, is a municipality nestled in the extreme south of the state, a coastal city profoundly shaped by its interaction with the Atlantic Ocean and the surrounding Mata Atlântica rainforest remnants. Located at approximately -18.0858 latitude and -39.5508 longitude, the terrain is generally flat, transitioning from sandy beaches inland to slightly undulating areas. The city’s elevation is low, contributing to limited atmospheric dispersion of pollutants. Mucuri’s position within the Bahia coastline places it within a region experiencing significant agricultural activity, particularly cacao and fruit cultivation, alongside a growing tourism sector. While not heavily industrialized, the presence of smaller processing facilities related to agriculture and fishing contributes to localised emissions. The urban-rural gradient is relatively sharp; the city centre is densely populated, while the periphery quickly gives way to agricultural land and preserved forest. This proximity to both natural carbon sinks and potential emission sources creates a complex air quality dynamic. The prevailing winds, generally from the southeast, carry maritime influences but can also transport pollutants from inland sources towards the urban area. The coastal location also means susceptibility to salt spray, which can influence particulate matter composition and atmospheric chemistry, impacting respiratory health.

Mucuri experiences a distinct wet and dry season, rather than traditional four seasons. Air quality generally improves during the wet season (October to February) due to increased rainfall which effectively washes particulate matter from the atmosphere. Higher humidity, however, can also promote the formation of mold and allergens, impacting sensitive individuals. The dry season (March to September) presents the greatest air quality challenges. Lower rainfall leads to a build-up of dust and agricultural residue, particularly from cacao processing and land preparation. August and September are typically the driest months, and therefore the period of potentially poorer air quality. Temperature inversions, common during the cooler, drier nights, trap pollutants near the ground, exacerbating conditions. Winds are generally weaker during this period, reducing dispersion. Sensitive groups – children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions – should limit strenuous outdoor activity during the late afternoon and early evening in these months. Monitoring for increased pollen counts is also advisable. The transition periods (March/April and October/November) offer more moderate conditions, with fluctuating rainfall and wind patterns.