Diapaga Air Quality Index (AQI)

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Diapaga, situated in the Est Region of Burkina Faso at coordinates 12.0667°N, 1.7833°E, is a town deeply embedded within the Sahelian landscape. The terrain is generally flat to gently undulating, characteristic of the broader Volta Plateau, with an elevation around 300-400 meters. This relatively low elevation contributes to limited atmospheric dispersion of pollutants. The town’s position isn’t near major bodies of water, though seasonal streams and small ponds punctuate the landscape, drying considerably during the dry season. Diapaga functions as a regional market centre, serving surrounding agricultural communities. The dominant land use is subsistence farming, primarily millet, sorghum, and maize, with some livestock rearing. While not heavily industrialized, increasing small-scale processing of agricultural products and the presence of motorbike traffic contribute to localised emissions. The urban-rural gradient is pronounced; the town centre is relatively compact, quickly transitioning to agricultural fields and sparse vegetation. Dust from agricultural activities and unpaved roads is a significant factor influencing air quality. The surrounding landscape offers limited natural filtration of airborne particles, exacerbating the impact of local emission sources. The prevailing winds, influenced by the Harmattan from the northeast during the dry season, can transport dust plumes over considerable distances, impacting Diapaga’s air.

Diapaga experiences a distinct wet and dry season, profoundly influencing air quality. The dry season, roughly November to May, is characterised by consistently poor air quality. The Harmattan winds, laden with Saharan dust, dominate, significantly increasing particulate matter concentrations. Low humidity and temperature inversions during cooler nights trap pollutants near the ground. February and March are typically the worst months for respiratory health. Conversely, the onset of the wet season (June-October) brings a temporary improvement. Rainfall effectively washes away dust and suppresses particulate matter. However, increased humidity can also promote the growth of mould and allergens, impacting sensitive individuals. August and September, while offering relief from dust, can see localised pollution from increased agricultural burning as land is prepared for the next planting season. The transition periods – November and May – are particularly unpredictable, with fluctuating conditions. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing respiratory conditions, should limit outdoor activity during the dry season and take precautions during agricultural burning periods. Monitoring wind direction and staying indoors on dusty days is crucial.