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Pobé, situated in the Plateau department of Benin, lies at coordinates 6.9667° N, 2.6833° E, a location deeply embedded within West Africa’s Dahomey Gap. The city’s terrain is generally flat, characteristic of the coastal plains of southern Benin, with an elevation hovering around 50-100 meters above sea level. Pobé is approximately 20km inland from the Atlantic Ocean, influencing its climate with humid, tropical air masses. The surrounding landscape is a mosaic of agricultural land – primarily subsistence farming of maize, cassava, and vegetables – interspersed with patches of gallery forest along seasonal waterways. Pobé functions as a regional market town, drawing in agricultural produce from surrounding rural areas. This concentration of activity, coupled with increasing motorcycle traffic (a common mode of transport), contributes to localised air pollution. The urban-rural gradient is relatively sharp; as one moves away from the city centre, air quality improves due to reduced human activity. There are no major industrial belts *within* Pobé itself, but the proximity to Cotonou, Benin’s economic capital and a significant industrial hub, means that long-range transport of pollutants is a potential concern, particularly during harmattan conditions. The city’s growth is largely unplanned, leading to dust from unpaved roads and construction.

Pobé experiences a tropical climate defined by distinct wet and dry seasons, profoundly impacting air quality. The dry season, spanning November to March, is typically associated with poorer air quality. The Harmattan wind, a dry and dusty trade wind blowing from the Sahara, dominates this period, carrying significant particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) southward. Reduced rainfall means less atmospheric cleansing, allowing pollutants to accumulate. January and February are often the months with the most noticeable dust haze. Conversely, the wet season, from April to October, brings relief. Heavy rainfall effectively washes away airborne particles, improving air quality considerably. However, increased humidity can also foster mold growth, potentially exacerbating respiratory issues. August and September, the peak of the rainy season, generally offer the best air quality. Temperature inversions, though less frequent than in temperate climates, can occur during the transition periods (March/April and October/November), trapping pollutants near the ground. Sensitive groups – children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing respiratory conditions – should limit strenuous outdoor activity during the Harmattan and take precautions during transition periods. Monitoring local weather patterns is crucial for informed decision-making.