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Seberi, nestled in the heart of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, occupies a geographically significant position within the state's western region, characterized by the pampa biome. Located at approximately -27.4778° latitude and -53.4028° longitude, the city’s terrain is predominantly flat, typical of the pampas, with gentle undulations reflecting the historical glacial activity that shaped the landscape. The surrounding area is a mosaic of extensive grasslands, used primarily for cattle ranching and agriculture, particularly soybean and rice cultivation. This agricultural intensity contributes to potential sources of air pollutants, notably ammonia from fertilizers and particulate matter from tilling and harvesting. Seberi’s proximity to the Ivaí River, though not directly bordering it, influences local humidity and temperature patterns, which in turn can affect pollutant dispersion. The urban–rural gradient is relatively sharp; the city transitions quickly into agricultural land, minimizing the urban heat island effect often seen in larger metropolitan areas. While Seberi isn't situated near major industrial belts, regional transport routes pass nearby, potentially introducing pollutants from vehicular emissions. The elevation is low, around 280 meters above sea level, which can exacerbate the trapping of pollutants under certain meteorological conditions. The pampas climate, with its distinct seasons, plays a crucial role in how air quality fluctuates throughout the year, impacting the city’s overall environmental health.

Seberi’s air quality experiences a distinct seasonal cycle dictated by its subtropical climate. The warmer months, typically December to March, are characterized by higher temperatures and increased evapotranspiration from agricultural lands, leading to elevated levels of ground-level ozone, a secondary pollutant formed through photochemical reactions. Dry spells during this period can intensify this effect. Conversely, the cooler, wetter months (June to August) bring increased rainfall, which naturally helps to cleanse the atmosphere by washing away particulate matter and reducing ozone concentrations. However, periods of prolonged fog, common during these months, can trap pollutants near the ground, creating localized air quality concerns. Spring (September to November) sees a gradual increase in agricultural activity, potentially releasing dust and ammonia into the air. Autumn (March to May) is generally a period of moderate air quality, with decreasing temperatures and less intense sunlight, reducing ozone formation. Sensitive groups, such as children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should exercise caution during the warmer, drier months, limiting strenuous outdoor activities during peak sunlight hours. Farmers should be mindful of fertilizer application practices to minimize ammonia emissions. Increased rainfall in the cooler months generally improves air quality, but vigilance is still needed during foggy periods. Understanding these seasonal patterns allows for proactive measures to mitigate potential air quality impacts and protect public health.