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Guixi is a county-level city in northeastern Jiangxi Province, China, situated along the upper reaches of the Xin River, a tributary of the Poyang Lake basin. Its coordinates at 28.2925°N, 117.2454°E place it within the transitional zone between the Jiangnan Hills to the north and the Wuyi Mountains to the south, creating a varied terrain of low hills, river valleys, and alluvial plains. The city's elevation averages around 50-100 meters above sea level, with surrounding peaks reaching up to 500 meters, which can influence local wind patterns and pollutant dispersion. Guixi's urban core is compact, with a population of approximately 540,572, and it functions as a regional administrative and commercial hub, surrounded by agricultural lands producing rice, tea, and citrus. The city lies within the broader Yangtze River Delta economic sphere, though it is less industrialized than coastal cities; pollution sources are primarily from general urban activities like transportation, residential heating, and small-scale manufacturing. Proximity to the Xin River provides some natural ventilation, but the basin-like topography can trap pollutants, especially during stable atmospheric conditions. The urban-rural gradient shows decreasing pollution levels towards the mountainous outskirts, but agricultural burning in surrounding areas can contribute to seasonal haze. Guixi's location in East Asia's monsoon belt means its air quality is influenced by regional weather patterns, with pollutants sometimes transported from more industrialized areas upstream along the Yangtze River.

In Guixi, air quality follows a distinct seasonal pattern driven by East Asian monsoons and local meteorological conditions. During winter (December to February), pollution tends to peak due to temperature inversions that trap pollutants near the ground, combined with increased emissions from residential heating and stagnant winds. Sensitive groups, such as those with respiratory issues, should limit outdoor activities on cold, calm days, typically in January. Spring (March to May) sees gradual improvement as temperatures rise and monsoon winds begin to disperse pollutants, though occasional dust storms from northern China can cause short-term spikes. This season is generally favourable for outdoor exercise, especially in April. Summer (June to August) offers the best air quality, with the southeast monsoon bringing clean, humid air from the ocean, frequent rainfall that washes out particulates, and strong convective winds that enhance dispersion. Outdoor activities are recommended, but high humidity can exacerbate ozone formation on hot days. Autumn (September to November) marks a transition, with pollution levels rising as monsoon winds weaken and temperature inversions return; agricultural burning in rural areas can also contribute to haze in October and November. Health guidance advises monitoring local air quality reports during this period and using masks on hazy days. Overall, summer is the optimal time for outdoor pursuits, while winter requires caution for vulnerable populations.