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Chevilly-Larue, nestled within the densely populated Ile-de-France region of France, occupies a strategic position just south of Paris, approximately 7.5 kilometers from the city center. Its coordinates (48.7663, 2.3533) place it on relatively flat terrain, characteristic of the Parisian Basin, with an average elevation of around 45 meters. This low-lying geography, while facilitating urban development, presents challenges for air quality dispersion. The surrounding landscape is a mosaic of urban sprawl, interspersed with pockets of green space and agricultural land further afield. The city’s proximity to the Seine River, though not directly bordering it, influences local weather patterns and can contribute to humidity, impacting pollutant behaviour. Chevilly-Larue sits within a significant urban–rural gradient, transitioning from the intense concentration of Paris to more agricultural areas to the south. This gradient means that while the city benefits from some rural air flows, it is also heavily influenced by the industrial and transportation emissions emanating from the greater Paris metropolitan area. The presence of major roadways, including the A6 motorway, running nearby, contributes significantly to localized pollution. The urban fabric is predominantly residential, with some light industrial and commercial zones, further compounding the impact of regional pollution sources. The lack of significant topographical features hinders the natural ventilation needed to effectively disperse pollutants, making Chevilly-Larue susceptible to episodes of poor air quality, particularly during periods of meteorological stagnation.

Chevilly-Larue’s air quality experiences a distinct seasonal cycle heavily influenced by meteorological conditions. Winter months (December-February) often see the poorest air quality due to temperature inversions. Cold, stable air becomes trapped near the ground, preventing vertical mixing and concentrating pollutants released from heating systems and road traffic. Fog, common during this period, further exacerbates the issue by trapping particulate matter. Spring (March-May) brings a gradual improvement as temperatures rise, and wind speeds increase, aiding in pollutant dispersion. However, pollen levels also surge, impacting respiratory health. Summer (June-August) generally offers the best air quality, with consistent winds and higher temperatures promoting good ventilation. Occasional heatwaves can, however, lead to increased ozone formation, a secondary pollutant. Autumn (September-November) presents a transitional period. While wind patterns are generally favourable, the return of cooler temperatures can trigger occasional inversions, and the burning of agricultural residues in surrounding areas can contribute to particulate pollution. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should be particularly cautious during winter and autumn, limiting outdoor activity on days with stagnant air or high pollen counts. During summer heatwaves, limiting strenuous outdoor activity during peak ozone hours is advisable. Throughout the year, monitoring local air quality reports and adhering to public health advisories is crucial for minimizing exposure to pollutants.