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Évreux, nestled in the heart of Normandy, France, occupies a strategic position within the Eure department. The city is built around the Iton River, a tributary of the Seine, and sits within a gently undulating landscape of agricultural fields and scattered woodlands. Its elevation, averaging around 150 meters, contributes to localized temperature inversions, particularly during calmer weather. Évreux isn’t a major industrial hub, but benefits from its proximity to the Paris Basin, experiencing some influence from regional industrial activity and transport corridors. The surrounding countryside is predominantly agricultural, with extensive arable farming and livestock rearing, contributing to potential ammonia emissions. The urban-rural gradient is relatively sharp; moving just a few kilometers from the city centre quickly leads to open farmland. This proximity to rural areas generally provides some natural ventilation, but can also lead to the transport of agricultural pollutants into the city. The city’s morphology, a blend of historic architecture and modern development, influences wind flow patterns, creating localized areas of stagnant air. Understanding these geographical factors is crucial for interpreting Évreux’s air quality profile, as they dictate pollutant dispersion and concentration.

Évreux experiences a temperate oceanic climate, resulting in distinct seasonal air quality patterns. Winter, from December to February, often sees poorer air quality due to increased residential heating, particularly wood burning, leading to elevated particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) concentrations. Temperature inversions are common during these months, trapping pollutants near the ground. Spring (March-May) brings a gradual improvement as temperatures rise and heating demand decreases, though agricultural activities begin to contribute to ammonia levels. Summer (June-August) typically offers the cleanest air, aided by prevailing winds and higher atmospheric mixing. However, heatwaves can exacerbate ozone formation, a secondary pollutant. Autumn (September-November) sees a return to deteriorating conditions as heating starts again and agricultural practices like harvesting contribute to dust and ammonia. Sensitive individuals – children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions – should be particularly cautious during winter and autumn. Fog, frequent in the autumn and winter, can also trap pollutants, worsening air quality. Months to favour for outdoor activity are generally June through August, but monitoring conditions remains important.