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Nestled in the heart of Bavaria's Swabia region, Augsburg occupies a strategic position at the confluence of the Lech and Wertach rivers, approximately 50 kilometres northwest of Munich. This historic city, Germany's third oldest, sits at an elevation of around 500 metres above sea level within the Alpine Foreland, characterised by gently rolling hills and river valleys that subtly influence its microclimate. Augsburg's urban character blends medieval architecture with modern industrial zones, particularly in the northern and eastern districts where manufacturing and logistics hubs have developed. The city's location within the densely populated Munich-Augsburg-Ingolstadt economic corridor means it experiences traffic emissions from the A8 autobahn and regional transit routes, while its position downwind of Munich's urban plume can occasionally import pollutants. Surrounding the urban core, Augsburg transitions rapidly into agricultural land, with fields and forests creating a sharp urban–rural gradient that affects local air circulation. The Lech River corridor acts as a natural ventilation channel, but temperature inversions in the river valleys can trap pollutants, especially during calm winter periods. Proximity to the Alps, about 100 kilometres to the south, influences weather patterns, with föhn winds occasionally bringing cleaner air but also potentially transporting agricultural emissions from surrounding farmland. Augsburg's compact urban form, with limited green spaces in the centre, contributes to localized pollution hotspots, particularly around major roads and industrial areas.

Augsburg's air quality follows distinct seasonal patterns shaped by its continental climate with Alpine influences. In winter, from December through February, cold temperatures and frequent temperature inversions in the river valleys trap pollutants near the ground, leading to elevated particulate matter levels, especially during high-pressure systems with calm winds. Sensitive groups should limit prolonged outdoor exertion on still, foggy mornings. Spring brings gradual improvement as increasing solar radiation breaks up inversions and more frequent westerly winds disperse pollutants, though March and April can see peaks from agricultural burning and pollen. Summer months, particularly June through August, experience lower particulate pollution but higher ozone levels during hot, sunny afternoons when traffic emissions react with sunlight—outdoor activities are best scheduled for mornings. Autumn sees variable conditions, with October and November often experiencing pollution accumulation during stable weather patterns before rain and winds improve dispersion. The city lacks monsoon influences but experiences occasional föhn winds from the Alps that can rapidly clear pollutants. For optimal air quality, late spring and early autumn generally offer the most favourable conditions, while winter months require extra caution, especially for those with respiratory conditions who should monitor local air quality forecasts and avoid busy roads during peak traffic hours.