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Mānvi, nestled in the Koppal district of Karnataka, India, occupies a geographically significant position within the Deccan Plateau. Located at approximately 15.98° N latitude and 77.05° E longitude, the town sits at an elevation of roughly 570 meters (1870 feet) above sea level. The surrounding landscape is characterized by undulating terrain, typical of the semi-arid region, transitioning from rocky outcrops to agricultural plains. The Tungabhadra River, a vital lifeline for the region, flows nearby, influencing local microclimates and providing a source of irrigation for the predominantly agricultural lands that surround Mānvi. This proximity to the river can, however, also contribute to localized humidity and fog formation, impacting air quality under certain conditions. Mānvi’s urban character is that of a developing town, with a gradual urban–rural gradient extending outwards. While the core area exhibits denser residential and commercial development, the outskirts are largely agrarian, supporting crops like groundnut, jowar, and sugarcane. The town’s regional position places it within a zone experiencing increasing industrial activity, with smaller manufacturing units and processing facilities emerging in the surrounding areas. This industrial growth, coupled with agricultural practices involving burning of crop residue, and vehicular traffic, contributes to the potential for air pollution. The plateau's topography can also trap pollutants, particularly during periods of low wind speed, exacerbating local air quality challenges. The relatively flat terrain surrounding Mānvi allows for the easy spread of pollutants from distant sources.

Mānvi experiences a tropical wet-dry climate, significantly influencing its air quality patterns throughout the year. The dry season, typically spanning from March to May, is characterized by high temperatures and minimal rainfall. This period often witnesses a noticeable increase in particulate matter pollution, primarily due to increased dust from agricultural activities, road construction, and the prevalence of stagnant air masses. Temperature inversions, common during these months, trap pollutants near the ground, further degrading air quality. The monsoon season, from June to September, brings relief with frequent rainfall, effectively flushing out pollutants and improving air quality considerably. However, heavy rainfall can also lead to increased humidity and localized flooding, potentially impacting air quality through the release of mold spores and other allergens. October and November mark a transitional period, with decreasing temperatures and gradually increasing humidity. Air quality tends to stabilize during this time. The winter months (December to February) are generally cooler and drier, with occasional fog formation, particularly in the mornings. Fog can trap pollutants, leading to temporary reductions in visibility and localized air quality concerns. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should exercise caution during the dry season and periods of fog, limiting outdoor exertion and ensuring adequate ventilation. Agricultural workers should be particularly mindful of dust exposure during the dry season, utilizing appropriate protective measures.