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Trisshilēri, nestled within the verdant landscape of Kerala, India, occupies a relatively low-lying position at approximately 11.8333°N, 76.0333°E. This coastal location, a mere stone’s throw from the Arabian Sea, significantly influences its climate and, consequently, its air quality. The terrain is predominantly flat, characteristic of the coastal plains of Kerala, transitioning into the foothills of the Western Ghats further inland. With a population of 15,731, Trisshilēri represents a smaller urban centre within a largely rural state. The surrounding landscape is dominated by coconut plantations, rice paddies, and dense vegetation, typical of Kerala’s agricultural economy. While not a major industrial hub itself, Trisshilēri’s proximity to larger industrial areas along the Kerala coast introduces the potential for long-range pollutant transport. The urban-rural gradient is relatively sharp, with agricultural land immediately bordering the town. This proximity means agricultural practices, including seasonal burning of crop residue, can contribute to localised air pollution. The coastal breeze offers some dispersion, but during calmer periods, pollutants can accumulate, particularly in the lower atmosphere. The dense vegetation, while beneficial for carbon sequestration, can also trap pollutants, creating microclimates with reduced air circulation.

Trisshilēri experiences a tropical climate, broadly defined by wet and dry seasons rather than traditional four seasons. Air quality generally improves during the monsoon season (June-September) as heavy rainfall effectively washes particulate matter from the atmosphere. However, increased humidity can also foster mould growth, impacting respiratory health. The post-monsoon period (October-November) sees a gradual return of drier conditions and a potential increase in dust and agricultural smoke as harvesting begins. This is often a period of moderate pollution. The dry season (December-February) is typically the period of poorest air quality. Lower wind speeds and temperature inversions trap pollutants near the ground, exacerbated by potential agricultural burning and domestic fuel combustion. January and February are months when sensitive individuals should limit strenuous outdoor activity. The pre-monsoon season (March-May) brings rising temperatures and increasing convective activity, offering some intermittent relief from stagnant air, but also increasing ozone formation. Individuals with asthma or other respiratory conditions should be particularly cautious during these warmer months, monitoring their health and limiting exposure during peak heat hours. Overall, the monsoon provides the most favourable conditions for outdoor activity.