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Radoviš, nestled in eastern North Macedonia, occupies a geographically significant position within the Štipsko-Radoviško valley, a region characterized by a gradual transition from the Osogovo mountain range to the northeast and the Balkan mountain range to the southwest. The city’s coordinates (41.6381, 22.4644) place it at an elevation of approximately 580 meters above sea level, contributing to a relatively cool climate and influencing local air circulation patterns. Radoviš is situated near the Radoviš River, a tributary of the Struma River, though its direct impact on air quality is limited due to the river's modest size. The surrounding landscape is a mosaic of agricultural land, primarily dedicated to tobacco cultivation and fruit orchards, interspersed with pockets of deciduous forest. This agricultural activity, particularly tobacco drying, can be a localized source of particulate matter. To the west, the foothills of the Osogovo mountains create a barrier, potentially trapping pollutants under certain meteorological conditions. The urban–rural gradient around Radoviš is relatively sharp; the city transitions quickly into agricultural fields and then into forested slopes. The proximity to the industrial belt centered around Strumica, approximately 30 kilometers to the south, introduces a regional dimension to air quality concerns, with potential for transboundary pollution transport. The valley's topography, combined with the prevailing wind patterns, dictates how pollutants disperse, often leading to localized concentrations within the city and surrounding villages. The relatively small size of Radoviš (population 14,460) means that localized emissions from residential heating and small businesses are also important factors.

Radoviš experiences a distinct seasonal cycle that significantly impacts air quality. Winters, spanning roughly November to March, are characterized by temperature inversions, where cold air becomes trapped beneath a layer of warmer air aloft. This phenomenon inhibits vertical mixing, leading to a build-up of pollutants near ground level. Residential heating, primarily reliant on wood and coal, intensifies particulate matter emissions during these colder months, exacerbating the inversion layer’s effects. Fog, common in December and January, further reduces visibility and traps pollutants. Spring (April-May) brings a gradual improvement as temperatures rise and wind speeds increase, dispersing accumulated pollutants. Agricultural activities, including the initial stages of tobacco cultivation, can introduce localized emissions. Summer (June-August) generally sees the best air quality, with strong solar heating promoting vertical mixing and frequent winds. However, periods of intense heat can lead to stagnant air conditions and ozone formation. Autumn (September-October) presents a transitional period. Tobacco drying, a significant agricultural practice in the region, releases substantial quantities of particulate matter, particularly during dry, still periods. This often leads to noticeable air quality degradation. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should exercise caution during winter months and periods of intense tobacco drying. Outdoor activities are generally best enjoyed during the summer months, avoiding midday heat. The interplay of temperature, wind, and agricultural practices dictates the seasonal air quality narrative in Radoviš, demanding adaptive strategies for public health.