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Dauis, Bohol, nestled on the island of Bohol in the Philippines, occupies a unique geographic position significantly influencing its air quality. Located at approximately 9.6250° N, 123.8650° E, Dauis sits on the western coast of the island, characterized by a gently sloping terrain transitioning from coastal plains to rolling hills. The municipality’s elevation ranges from sea level to around 150 meters, creating a localized microclimate. Bohol Island itself is predominantly limestone karst topography, impacting drainage patterns and influencing local wind flows. Dauis borders the Bohol Sea to the west, a major factor in sea breezes and potential for marine aerosol deposition. Inland, the landscape is a mosaic of agricultural lands – primarily coconut plantations, rice paddies, and small-scale farming – interspersed with residential areas and pockets of secondary forest. The urban–rural gradient is relatively smooth, with a gradual shift from denser settlements near the coastal areas to more dispersed rural communities further inland. While Dauis itself lacks major industrial zones, its proximity to Tagbilaran City, the provincial capital, means it can be affected by industrial emissions transported by prevailing winds. The surrounding landscape, dominated by lush vegetation, generally acts as a natural filter, but agricultural practices, including burning of crop residues, can contribute to localized air pollution events. The island’s overall vulnerability to typhoons also influences air quality, with storm surges and heavy rainfall impacting particulate matter distribution.

Dauis, like much of the Philippines, experiences a distinct wet and dry season rather than four traditional seasons. The dry season, typically from March to May, often sees a slight improvement in air quality due to increased wind speeds and drier conditions that suppress dust generation. However, this period also coincides with agricultural burning, particularly after harvests, which can lead to temporary spikes in particulate matter. The wet season, from June to November, brings frequent rainfall and high humidity. While rainfall naturally helps to cleanse the atmosphere by scavenging pollutants, the increased humidity can trap moisture and contribute to fog formation, particularly in the mornings. This fog, combined with reduced wind speeds, can lead to stagnant air conditions and localized pollution build-up. The northeast monsoon (Amihan), starting in November, brings cooler temperatures and stronger winds, generally improving air quality by dispersing pollutants. Months like December and January often experience the clearest air. During the wet season, sensitive individuals, such as those with respiratory conditions, should be particularly cautious of potential exacerbations due to increased mold and allergens. Outdoor activities are generally best enjoyed during the drier months, but vigilance regarding agricultural burning is advised. The interplay of monsoonal winds, rainfall patterns, and agricultural practices dictates the fluctuating air quality throughout the year, making awareness of weather conditions crucial for public health.