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Sulechów, nestled within the Lubuskie Voivodeship of western Poland (coordinates 52.0833, 15.6167), occupies a geographically significant position within the historical Lusatia region. The town’s urban fabric is characterized by a relatively compact core, reflecting its historical development as a market town, gradually expanding outwards with residential areas. Sulechów sits on a gently undulating terrain, part of the wider West Pomeranian Lake District, though the immediate surroundings are primarily agricultural fields and scattered woodlands. The elevation averages around 115 meters above sea level, contributing to localized temperature variations and influencing air circulation patterns. The town is situated near the Plonia River, a tributary of the Oder, which plays a role in regional hydrology and can, under certain conditions, influence local humidity and pollutant dispersion. Its location is strategically important, lying on a historical trade route, and now a key transport corridor. The surrounding landscape is a mosaic of arable land, predominantly used for grain and rapeseed cultivation, interspersed with pockets of mixed deciduous and coniferous forests. This agricultural zone contributes to seasonal particulate matter, particularly during harvest periods. To the east, the landscape gradually transitions towards the more extensive and flatter plains characteristic of Lower Silesia. The urban–rural gradient around Sulechów is relatively smooth, with smaller villages and agricultural holdings blending seamlessly into the town’s periphery, impacting the overall air quality dynamics through diffuse sources of pollution.

Sulechów’s air quality experiences a distinct seasonal cycle heavily influenced by meteorological conditions. Spring (March-May) often brings a gradual improvement as temperatures rise and wind speeds increase, dispersing accumulated pollutants. However, agricultural activities, including fertilizer application and early field work, can introduce ammonia and particulate matter. Summer (June-August) generally sees the best air quality, with consistent winds and higher temperatures promoting good ventilation. The risk of localized pollution spikes from agricultural burning, though regulated, remains a possibility. Autumn (September-November) marks a period of increasing concern. As temperatures cool, the likelihood of temperature inversions rises, trapping pollutants near the ground, particularly during still, foggy mornings. Agricultural activities intensify, releasing dust and emissions from machinery. Winter (December-February) presents the most challenging period. Cold temperatures, frequent fog, and reduced wind speeds create stagnant atmospheric conditions, exacerbating the effects of residential heating (often reliant on coal or wood) and industrial emissions. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should limit prolonged outdoor exposure during these months, especially on days with low visibility or a noticeable odour. Increased ventilation in homes is crucial, but should be balanced with the potential for introducing outdoor pollutants. Public health advisories regarding air quality are particularly important during the autumn and winter months, encouraging residents to monitor conditions and take appropriate precautions.