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Chusovoy, nestled within the Permskiy Kray of Russia, occupies a geographically significant position at the confluence of the Chusovaya and Serebryanka rivers. Its coordinates (58.3167, 57.8167) place it within the Ural Mountains foothills, a region characterized by undulating terrain and a mix of boreal forests and agricultural land. The city’s elevation, averaging around 130 meters above sea level, contributes to localized weather patterns and influences air circulation. The Chusovaya River, a key feature of the landscape, historically facilitated trade and transportation, and continues to shape the city’s layout. Surrounding Chusovoy is a predominantly rural landscape of forests, meadows, and agricultural fields, primarily dedicated to grain and livestock farming. This proximity to agricultural zones introduces potential sources of particulate matter, particularly during planting and harvesting seasons. Further afield, the broader Ural region is known for its industrial activity, including metallurgy and chemical processing, which can contribute to transboundary air pollution. The urban–rural gradient around Chusovoy is relatively gradual, with smaller settlements and agricultural areas blending seamlessly into the forested landscape. The city itself exhibits a compact urban form, largely shaped by its historical role as a river port and industrial center. The topography, combined with the river valley setting, can lead to stagnant air conditions, particularly during periods of temperature inversion, exacerbating local air quality challenges. The prevailing winds, generally from the west, carry pollutants from industrial areas to the east, impacting Chusovoy’s air quality.

Chusovoy’s air quality experiences a distinct seasonal cycle heavily influenced by its continental climate. Winters (December-February) are typically the most challenging period. Cold temperatures frequently lead to temperature inversions, trapping pollutants near the ground and resulting in prolonged episodes of reduced visibility and elevated concentrations of particulate matter. The lack of wind during these months further compounds the issue. Spring (March-May) brings a gradual improvement as temperatures rise and wind speeds increase, dispersing pollutants. However, agricultural activities, such as fertilizer application and plowing, can introduce ammonia and particulate matter into the air. Summer (June-August) generally offers the best air quality, with warmer temperatures promoting atmospheric mixing and frequent rainfall helping to cleanse the air. However, occasional heatwaves can lead to stagnant conditions and ozone formation. Autumn (September-November) sees a return to more variable conditions. Falling leaves contribute to particulate matter, and the onset of cooler temperatures can trigger temperature inversions, though typically less severe than in winter. Fog, common during autumn mornings, can also trap pollutants. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should exercise caution during winter months, limiting outdoor exposure and avoiding strenuous activity. During spring, minimizing exposure to agricultural fields during peak activity periods is advisable. While summer generally offers cleaner air, heatwaves warrant similar precautions. Overall, the months of January and February consistently present the greatest air quality concerns in Chusovoy, demanding heightened awareness and preventative measures.