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Seversk sits nestled within the vast, undulating expanse of the West Siberian Plain, a region defined by its profound flatness and immense scale. Located in the Tomskaya Oblast of Russia, the city occupies a strategic yet isolated position within the taiga biome, characterized by dense coniferous forests and sprawling wetlands. The terrain is remarkably low-lying, with minimal topographical variation to disrupt airflow, which significantly dictates the movement of atmospheric pollutants. The city is positioned near the drainage basins of major Siberian river systems, which provide essential moisture but also contribute to the regional humidity levels. As a closed administrative-territorial formation, Seversk’s urban character is inextricably linked to its specialized industrial purpose, specifically within the nuclear fuel cycle and chemical processing sectors. This creates a distinct urban-industrial landscape where concentrated industrial zones are tightly integrated with residential sectors. The surrounding landscape is a mosaic of boreal forests and agricultural fringes, creating a sharp urban-rural gradient. Because the terrain lacks significant hills or mountains to act as natural barriers, the city relies heavily on prevailing wind patterns for pollutant dispersal. The lack of vertical relief means that during periods of atmospheric stability, pollutants can settle over the urban core with little resistance. This geographical layout, combined with the intense industrial footprint, creates a unique microclimate where local emissions interact closely with the regional Siberian air masses, making the city’s air quality highly sensitive to both industrial output and broader meteorological shifts.

The air quality in Seversk undergoes dramatic shifts dictated by the harsh continental climate of Western Siberia. During the long, brutal winters, from November through March, the city frequently encounters temperature inversions. These meteorological phenomena occur when a layer of warm air traps colder, denser air near the ground, preventing the vertical dispersion of pollutants from residential heating and industrial activities. During these months, the air can feel heavy and stagnant, making it a period to limit strenuous outdoor exercise, especially for those with respiratory sensitivities. As spring arrives in April and May, the massive snowmelt and the "rasputitsa" or muddy season introduce a different dynamic. While the breaking of the ice can refresh the atmosphere, the thawing ground often releases trapped particulates and dust into the air. Summer months bring a reprieve with increased sunlight and more frequent convective mixing, which helps disperse pollutants; however, dry spells can occasionally trigger dust issues from the surrounding unpaved areas. Autumn, particularly October and November, marks a transition toward instability, where shifting winds and increased humidity can lead to fog, further complicating air dispersion. For sensitive groups, such as children and the elderly, the peak risk periods are the deep winter months and the transitional periods of heavy fog. Monitoring local wind patterns and avoiding outdoor exertion during inversion events is highly recommended for maintaining respiratory health.