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Chernivtsi, nestled in southwestern Ukraine's Chernivetska Oblast, occupies a distinctive geographic position at the crossroads of Eastern Europe, with coordinates 48.3000°N, 25.9333°E. The city lies in the historical region of Bukovina, situated on the banks of the Prut River, which flows through its urban core, providing a natural waterway that influences local microclimates. Chernivtsi's terrain is characterized by rolling hills and valleys, with an elevation averaging around 250 meters above sea level, contributing to varied air circulation patterns. Surrounded by the Carpathian foothills to the west and the Dniester River basin to the east, the city benefits from a mix of forested and agricultural landscapes, creating an urban–rural gradient that moderates pollution levels compared to heavily industrialized zones. Proximity to the Carpathian Mountains can trap pollutants under certain weather conditions, while the Prut River valley may channel winds that disperse airborne contaminants. The region is primarily agricultural, with limited heavy industry, meaning air quality is more affected by general urban sources like vehicle emissions, residential heating, and occasional agricultural burning rather than concentrated industrial belts. This geographic setting, combined with its moderate population density, results in generally fair air quality, though localized issues can arise from traffic congestion and seasonal heating practices.

In Chernivtsi, air quality follows a distinct seasonal rhythm shaped by its temperate continental climate. During winter, from December to February, pollution often peaks due to increased residential heating with solid fuels like wood and coal, compounded by temperature inversions that trap pollutants close to the ground, especially in the city's valleys. Sensitive groups, such as those with respiratory conditions, should limit outdoor activities on cold, calm days. Spring, from March to May, brings improved air quality as temperatures rise, winds increase, and precipitation helps cleanse the atmosphere, making it a favourable time for outdoor pursuits. Summer, from June to August, sees generally good air quality with warm temperatures and breezes dispersing pollutants, though occasional heatwaves can elevate ground-level ozone from vehicle emissions, advising caution during midday heat. Autumn, from September to November, experiences a gradual decline in air quality as heating resumes and atmospheric stability increases, with October and November potentially seeing higher pollution levels. Throughout the year, fog and low wind speeds in the Prut River valley can exacerbate pollution episodes, so monitoring local weather forecasts is recommended for planning outdoor activities, particularly for vulnerable populations like children and the elderly.