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Pompano Beach, Florida, occupies a strategic coastal position in Broward County, a region characterized by a dynamic urban–rural gradient. Situated along the Atlantic Ocean at approximately 26.24°N, 80.13°W, the city’s geography is fundamentally shaped by its proximity to the sea and the relatively flat, low-lying terrain typical of South Florida. The elevation rarely exceeds 10 feet above sea level, making it susceptible to coastal influences and sea-level rise. The surrounding landscape is a mosaic of urban development, residential areas, and pockets of natural coastal habitats, including mangrove forests and coastal scrub. To the west, the urban sprawl extends towards the Everglades, a vast wetland ecosystem that, while providing natural filtration, can also contribute to regional air quality challenges through agricultural practices and occasional prescribed burns. Pompano Beach’s location within the subtropical climate zone means it experiences warm temperatures and high humidity year-round. The prevailing easterly trade winds, a defining feature of the region, generally provide some degree of ventilation, dispersing pollutants. However, the city’s coastal location also means it is vulnerable to marine influences, including saltwater intrusion and the potential for coastal fog events, which can trap pollutants near the surface. The absence of significant industrial belts directly within Pompano Beach mitigates some pollution sources, but the city’s connection to the broader Miami metropolitan area means it is still impacted by regional transportation emissions and industrial activity further inland. The urban fabric is largely residential and commercial, with a growing emphasis on tourism and recreational activities along the beachfront.

Pompano Beach’s air quality experiences a distinct seasonal pattern dictated by its subtropical climate. The wet season, spanning roughly May through October, brings increased humidity and frequent afternoon thunderstorms. While these storms can cleanse the air by washing away particulate matter, they are often preceded by stagnant air conditions, particularly during periods of high pressure. The increased humidity also contributes to the formation of ground-level ozone, a key component of smog, especially during the hotter months of June, July, and August. Conversely, the dry season (November through April) generally offers improved air quality. Cooler temperatures and more frequent wind patterns help disperse pollutants. However, occasional cold fronts can trigger temperature inversions, where a layer of warm air traps cooler air near the surface, leading to localized pollution buildup. Fog, though infrequent, can also occur during the cooler months, particularly in the early morning, further exacerbating this effect. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should exercise caution during the peak of the wet season, limiting strenuous outdoor activities during the hottest part of the day. The transition months of April and May, and again in October, often present unpredictable air quality conditions as weather patterns shift. Maintaining awareness of local weather forecasts and air quality reports is crucial for making informed decisions about outdoor exposure throughout the year. Coastal breezes, while generally beneficial, can also carry pollutants from other areas, highlighting the interconnectedness of regional air quality.