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Nestled along South Carolina's Grand Strand coastline, Myrtle Beach occupies a distinctive geographic position that profoundly influences its air quality dynamics. Situated at 33.7094°N, -78.8844°W, this coastal city lies on a barrier island system separated from the mainland by the Intracoastal Waterway, creating a unique urban-rural gradient where dense tourist development transitions to pine forests and wetlands inland. With an elevation barely above sea level—typically 0-10 feet—the city's flat terrain offers minimal topographic relief to disperse pollutants. The Atlantic Ocean to the east and Winyah Bay to the south provide natural ventilation, but this benefit is moderated by the city's position within the larger Pee Dee region, where agricultural activities in surrounding Horry and Georgetown counties contribute background particulate matter. Myrtle Beach's urban character as a major tourism hub means concentrated vehicle emissions along its 60-mile beachfront corridor, yet the absence of heavy industry distinguishes it from inland industrial belts. The city's location on a narrow coastal plain means air masses frequently carry both marine influences and continental pollutants from upwind urban areas, creating a complex air quality profile where sea breezes alternately cleanse and trap contaminants depending on meteorological conditions.

Myrtle Beach experiences distinct seasonal air quality patterns shaped by its coastal climate and tourism rhythms. Spring brings improving conditions as increasing daylight and moderate temperatures reduce heating-related emissions, though pollen from abundant pine forests can elevate particulate levels in March and April. Summer represents the peak pollution season, coinciding with maximum tourist visitation—vehicle traffic swells, ozone formation accelerates under intense sunlight and high temperatures, and occasional stagnant high-pressure systems create poor dispersion conditions, particularly in July and August. Sensitive groups should monitor air quality alerts during summer heatwaves. Autumn offers the most favorable conditions as tourist numbers decline, cooler temperatures reduce ozone formation, and prevailing winds from the northeast provide effective ventilation; October typically presents optimal outdoor activity windows. Winter sees variable air quality—colder temperatures increase residential heating emissions, but frequent frontal passages and stronger winds generally maintain good dispersion, though temperature inversions can occasionally trap pollutants in December and January. Throughout the year, sea breeze circulations typically improve afternoon air quality near the coast but can transport pollutants inland, creating spatial variations across the urban area.