Mangalagiri Air Quality Index (AQI)

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Mangalagiri, nestled in the Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh, India, occupies a relatively flat terrain within the Krishna River delta region. Its coordinates (16.4300°N, 80.5500°E) place it centrally within the fertile coastal plains, approximately 25km north of the major city of Guntur and 65km south of Vijayawada. The surrounding landscape is predominantly agricultural, characterized by extensive paddy fields and horticultural crops, particularly mango and chilli cultivation. This agricultural intensity contributes to seasonal biomass burning, a significant local emission source. The city’s elevation is low, averaging around 25 meters above sea level, which limits atmospheric dispersion of pollutants. While not directly on the coast, Mangalagiri benefits from the moderating influence of the Bay of Bengal, experiencing a humid subtropical climate. The urban-rural gradient is becoming increasingly blurred as Mangalagiri experiences rapid urbanisation, driven by its proximity to Vijayawada and its emerging role as an educational and administrative hub. Industrial activity is relatively limited within the city itself, but surrounding areas host small-scale brick kilns and food processing units. The Krishna River, though not immediately adjacent, influences local wind patterns and humidity levels, impacting pollutant transport and dispersion. This combination of factors creates a unique air quality profile for Mangalagiri.

Mangalagiri’s air quality follows a distinct seasonal pattern. The post-monsoon period (October-November) often sees a temporary improvement as rainfall washes away accumulated pollutants, but this is short-lived. Winter (December-February) brings cooler temperatures and increased temperature inversions, trapping pollutants near the ground, leading to higher concentrations of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants, particularly in the mornings. This is exacerbated by increased biomass burning for warmth and cooking. The pre-monsoon summer months (March-May) are typically the worst for air quality. High temperatures, low wind speeds, and dust from agricultural activities combine to create hazy conditions. May is often the most challenging month. The arrival of the southwest monsoon (June-September) provides significant relief, with heavy rainfall effectively cleansing the atmosphere. However, increased humidity can also promote secondary pollutant formation. Sensitive groups – children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions – should limit outdoor activity during the summer and winter months. During the monsoon, while air is cleaner, mould growth indoors can pose a health risk. Monitoring local weather patterns and avoiding peak pollution times are crucial for protecting respiratory health.