Dayālpur Sāpha Air Quality Index (AQI)

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Dayālpur Sāpha, nestled within the state of Bihar, India, occupies a relatively flat expanse of the Indo-Gangetic Plain at coordinates 25.7122°N, 85.3188°E. This location, typical of much of Bihar, is characterised by alluvial soil deposited by the Ganges and its tributaries, contributing to the region’s intensive agricultural activity. The surrounding landscape is predominantly rural, dominated by farmland dedicated to rice, wheat, and maize cultivation. The city’s elevation is low, averaging around 70 meters above sea level, which inhibits natural dispersion of pollutants. While not directly adjacent to a major river, Dayālpur Sāpha is within the broader Ganges basin, influencing local humidity and weather patterns. The urban-rural gradient is pronounced; the city itself is small with a population of approximately 13,021, surrounded by a network of villages. Industrial activity is limited within Dayālpur Sāpha itself, but regional industrial belts further west towards Patna contribute to background pollution levels. The lack of significant topographical features – hills or forests – means the city is particularly vulnerable to the accumulation of airborne particles, especially during periods of stagnant air. This geographical setting fundamentally shapes the air quality challenges faced by the community.

Dayālpur Sāpha experiences a distinct seasonal air quality pattern dictated by the monsoon and post-monsoon periods. The pre-monsoon months of April and May are typically the worst for air quality. Rising temperatures create strong convective currents, but also exacerbate dust from agricultural activities and unpaved roads. A lack of rainfall means pollutants accumulate. The arrival of the monsoon in June brings temporary relief, as rainfall washes particulate matter from the atmosphere and increased humidity suppresses dust. However, the monsoon can also lead to localised flooding, increasing mould spore counts and impacting respiratory health. Post-monsoon, from October to November, sees a resurgence of pollution. Cooler temperatures and calmer winds create temperature inversions, trapping pollutants near the ground. This period coincides with crop residue burning after the harvest, a significant source of particulate matter. Winter, from December to February, brings consistently poor air quality due to stagnant air, fog, and continued biomass burning. Sensitive groups – children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions – should limit outdoor activity during April-May and October-February. Avoiding peak hours and using masks can offer some protection.