Siwān Air Quality Index (AQI)

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Siwān, situated in the heart of Bihar, India, occupies a geographically significant position within the Indo-Gangetic Plain. Located at approximately 26.22°N latitude and 84.36°E longitude, the city sprawls across a relatively flat terrain, typical of the region, at an elevation of around 78 meters above sea level. This low-lying landscape contributes to the potential for stagnant air masses, exacerbating pollution. The surrounding landscape is predominantly agricultural, characterized by intensive farming of rice, wheat, and sugarcane. The Gandak River flows nearby, influencing local humidity and occasionally contributing to localized flooding, which can disrupt transportation and spread pollutants. Siwān functions as a regional trading hub for agricultural produce, attracting significant vehicular traffic. The urban-rural gradient is pronounced, with densely populated urban cores transitioning rapidly into rural agricultural lands. Industrial activity, while not as concentrated as in some Indian cities, is present in the form of brick kilns and small-scale manufacturing units, contributing to particulate matter emissions. The city’s location within the Indo-Gangetic Plain, a known hotspot for air pollution, means it’s susceptible to long-range transport of pollutants from surrounding areas, including larger industrial centres.

Siwān experiences a distinct seasonal air quality pattern dictated by the monsoon and post-monsoon weather systems. The summer months (April-June) bring scorching heat and dry winds, leading to increased dust and particulate matter concentrations, particularly from construction and agricultural activities. This is often the period of poorest air quality. The arrival of the monsoon in July-September provides temporary relief, as rainfall washes away pollutants and increases humidity, suppressing dust. However, increased cloud cover can also trap pollutants near the ground. Post-monsoon (October-November) sees a resurgence of pollution as temperatures drop and temperature inversions become more frequent, trapping pollutants. This period, coupled with crop residue burning after the harvest, is often the most hazardous. Winter (December-February) brings cool, calm conditions and fog, further exacerbating pollution levels. Sensitive groups – children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions – should limit outdoor activity during the summer and post-monsoon seasons. Wearing masks and using air purifiers indoors are recommended. Avoiding peak traffic hours and areas near brick kilns can also minimize exposure. The monsoon months generally offer the best air quality, but vigilance is still needed.