Tenkāsi Air Quality Index (AQI)

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Tenkāsi, nestled in the southern reaches of Tamil Nadu, India, occupies a unique geographic position within the Western Ghats foothills. Located at 8.9564°N, 77.3152°E, the city’s terrain is characterised by gently undulating plains transitioning into the higher altitudes of the mountains. This proximity to the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot, influences local climate patterns and air circulation. The city’s elevation, though relatively low, contributes to localised temperature inversions, particularly during calmer weather. Tenkāsi is not directly adjacent to a major body of water, but benefits from seasonal streams and rivers originating in the Ghats, supporting a largely agricultural landscape. Surrounding the urban core are extensive rice paddies and spice plantations – cardamom, pepper, and cloves being prominent – alongside coconut groves. While not a major industrial hub, Tenkāsi serves as a regional trading centre for agricultural produce. The urban-rural gradient is relatively sharp, with densely populated areas concentrated around the city centre, giving way quickly to agricultural lands. This mix of agricultural practices, coupled with increasing vehicular traffic within the town, contributes to the city’s air quality profile. Dust from unpaved roads and seasonal agricultural burning also play a role, particularly during drier periods. The city’s location within a valley can also trap pollutants, exacerbating air quality issues.

Tenkāsi experiences a tropical climate, broadly divided into wet and dry seasons, significantly impacting air quality. The southwest monsoon, arriving in June and lasting through September, brings heavy rainfall which temporarily improves air quality by washing away particulate matter. However, increased humidity can also foster mould growth, impacting respiratory health. October to December sees the northeast monsoon, bringing further rainfall and similar cleansing effects, though often with increased cloud cover and reduced sunlight. The dry season, from January to May, is when air quality typically deteriorates. Lower rainfall means pollutants accumulate, and increased temperatures contribute to ground-level ozone formation. Agricultural practices, like post-harvest burning of rice stubble, are common during this period, adding significantly to particulate matter levels. Wind patterns are generally calm during the dry season, exacerbating pollution. February and March are often the most challenging months. Sensitive groups – children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions – should limit outdoor activity during these periods. Fog can also occur during cooler mornings, trapping pollutants near the ground. Monitoring wind direction is crucial; winds from agricultural areas will likely carry smoke and dust. Overall, the wet seasons offer the best air quality, while the dry season demands increased vigilance.