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Klatovy sits as a vital gateway in the Plzeňský Kraj, positioned within the undulating landscape of West Bohemia. Nestled at the transition point between the fertile Bohemian plains and the rising foothills of the Šumava mountains, the city's urban character is defined by its historic core and its role as a regional administrative hub. The topography is characterized by moderate elevations and rolling hills that create a subtle basin effect, which is a critical factor for local atmospheric dynamics. To the southwest, the increasing elevation of the Bohemian Forest provides a natural barrier, while the surrounding lowlands are dominated by intensive agricultural activity. This urban-rural gradient means that while the city itself experiences localized vehicular emissions from transit routes, the wider area is influenced by seasonal agricultural dust and biomass burning. The proximity to the Šumava massif influences wind patterns, often directing air masses across the town. Because Klatovy is not situated in a deep, enclosed valley, it generally benefits from better ventilation than more industrialised regions of the Czech Republic. However, the local terrain can still facilitate temperature inversions, particularly in the valleys surrounding the urban center, where stagnant air may trap pollutants near the ground. The interaction between the hilly terrain and the temperate continental climate creates a complex microclimate where air dispersion is heavily dependent on the prevailing westerly winds that sweep across the Bohemian landscape toward the mountain ranges, maintaining a delicate balance between the natural and the built environment in this unique West Bohemian setting.

In Klatovy, the air quality narrative shifts dramatically with the changing seasons, dictated by meteorological shifts and human activity. During the winter months, from December to February, air quality often faces its most significant challenges. Cold, stable air masses frequently lead to temperature inversions, where a layer of warm air traps colder, denser air—and its accompanying pollutants—near the ground. During this period, residential heating via wood or coal can increase particulate matter levels. Spring brings a period of transition; as temperatures rise and winds become more turbulent, pollutants are generally dispersed more effectively, though late spring can see increased dust from agricultural activities in the surrounding fields. Summer in Klatovy is typically characterized by the cleanest air, driven by convective mixing and frequent summer storms that effectively "wash" the atmosphere of particulates. However, during prolonged heatwaves, stagnant air and high solar radiation can occasionally lead to localized ozone formation. Autumn is a season of variability; the onset of fog and damp conditions can trap moisture and pollutants in the lower atmosphere, particularly in the early mornings. For sensitive groups, such as asthmatics or the elderly, the winter and late autumn periods are the most critical times to monitor local conditions and limit strenuous outdoor exercise during inversion events. Conversely, summer and mid-spring offer the most favorable windows for outdoor recreation. Understanding these seasonal cycles is essential for managing health and planning activities within the Klatovy region. By paying attention to these meteorological nuances, residents can better navigate the atmospheric changes.