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Kedgaon sits in the heart of the Desh region in Maharashtra, nestled within the undulating basaltic terrain characteristic of the Deccan Plateau. Located at approximately 18.4300 N and 74.3500 E, this settlement functions as a critical peri-urban node within the expanding influence of the Pune metropolitan area. The local topography is defined by semi-arid plains and gentle slopes that facilitate both intensive agriculture and creeping urbanization. To the immediate surroundings, the landscape is a mosaic of fertile agricultural lands, predominantly utilized for sugarcane and cereal crops, which are interspersed with growing residential clusters. This urban-rural gradient is a defining feature of Kedgaon’s environmental profile. The proximity to major transit corridors connecting Pune to eastern districts means that the town experiences a steady influx of vehicular emissions, creating a localized pollution plume. Furthermore, the surrounding agricultural activities introduce significant organic aerosols and particulate matter during harvest cycles. The lack of dense forest cover in the immediate vicinity means there is limited natural filtration for airborne pollutants. Instead, the open plains allow for the easy transport of fine particulates from nearby industrial belts. Consequently, Kedgaon’s air quality is a complex interplay between local biomass burning, regional industrial emissions, and the rising dust from unpaved roads and construction activities, all influenced by the shifting winds of the Indian subcontinent. This dynamic setting requires constant monitoring to understand how the encroaching urban footprint alters the traditional atmospheric chemistry of this once-quiet agricultural hub within the vast landscape of the Maharashtra state plateau region.

Kedgaon’s atmospheric profile follows the classic tropical monsoon cycle, creating distinct seasonal shifts in air quality. During the scorching summer months from March to May, high temperatures and low humidity lead to significant dust suspension from parched agricultural fields and unpaved roads. Stagnant air during these periods can trap localized pollutants, making mid-day heat a challenging time for sensitive individuals. The arrival of the Southwest Monsoon in June provides a dramatic atmospheric cleansing. Heavy rainfall effectively washes out particulate matter, significantly improving visibility and air purity throughout July and August. However, the transition to the post-monsoon and winter seasons, from October to February, presents the most significant respiratory challenges. As temperatures drop, the phenomenon of thermal inversion becomes prevalent; a layer of warm air traps cooler, polluted air near the ground, preventing vertical dispersion. This period often coincides with post-harvest agricultural residue burning and increased vehicular movement, leading to a noticeable peak in particulate concentrations. Frequent morning fog during these months further complicates air quality by concentrating aerosols at breathing level. For residents, the months of November and December are the most critical to monitor. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing pulmonary or cardiovascular conditions, should limit strenuous outdoor activities during early morning hours when inversions are strongest. Utilizing air-purifying indoor plants and maintaining proper ventilation during the cleaner monsoon months can help mitigate long-term exposure risks. Regularly checking local weather forecasts can also provide valuable hints regarding potential spikes in ambient particulate levels within Kedgaon.