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Khejroli sits nestled within the semi-arid expanse of the Alwar district in Rajasthan, positioned as a pivotal transition zone between the rugged Aravalli Range and the fertile plains of eastern India. The terrain is characterized by an undulating landscape of scrub forests, sandy loams, and scattered rocky outcrops that define its rural-urban gradient. As a modest urban center with a population of 75,000, the city functions as a local hub for agricultural trade, surrounded by vast belts of mustard and wheat cultivation. This proximity to intensive farming is a primary driver of its atmospheric composition, as the open landscape allows for the easy transport of particulate matter. The elevation is modest, yet the surrounding hills can occasionally trap pollutants during periods of atmospheric stability. With no major perennial rivers nearby, the region relies on groundwater, and the lack of significant water bodies means there is little natural moisture to scrub the air of dust. The urban character is fragmented, with residential clusters interspersed with open fields, creating a porous environment where agricultural smoke and road dust mingle freely. Because Khejroli is situated in a corridor that connects various industrial nodes of Rajasthan and Haryana, the intermittent flow of heavy diesel transport contributes to a baseline of nitrogen oxides. The interplay between the arid soil and the sparse vegetation ensures that wind-blown mineral dust remains a constant geographic factor influencing the local air quality profile.

The air quality in Khejroli follows a rigorous seasonal cycle dictated by the semi-arid climate of Rajasthan. During the scorching summer months, from April to June, the atmosphere is dominated by intense heat and the phenomenon of dust storms, known locally as Andhi. These events spike particulate levels, making outdoor activity hazardous for those with asthma. As the monsoon arrives between July and September, the air undergoes a dramatic cleansing; heavy precipitation washes pollutants from the sky, leading to the cleanest air of the year. However, the transition into autumn and early winter marks a shift. From November to February, the region experiences temperature inversions, where a layer of warm air traps cooler, polluted air near the ground. This period coincides with the burning of crop residues in surrounding fields and the increased use of biomass for heating, causing pollution to peak. Fog often exacerbates this by limiting vertical dispersion, leading to prolonged periods of poor visibility and respiratory stress. Sensitive groups, including children and the elderly, should limit outdoor exertion during the early morning hours of December and January. The spring transition in March brings a return of dry winds and rising dust, signaling another uptick in particulates. For residents, the monsoon offers the most favorable window for outdoor activity, while the winter months require vigilant health monitoring and the use of protective masks to mitigate the effects of stagnant, smoke-laden air.