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Pākdasht is a satellite city situated approximately 35 kilometers southeast of Tehran's urban core, positioned within the sprawling Tehran Province of Iran in West Asia. The city lies at coordinates 35.4828°N, 51.6814°E, occupying a strategic location within the southern reaches of the Tehran metropolitan region. Geographically, Pākdasht sits on the flat plains of the central Iranian plateau, with an elevation around 1,100 meters above sea level, significantly lower than Tehran's central districts which reach up to 1,800 meters. This elevation differential creates a subtle topographic basin effect that can trap pollutants. The city is surrounded by arid landscapes with the Alborz Mountains visible to the north, though at a greater distance than from Tehran proper. No major rivers or significant bodies of water exist in immediate proximity, contributing to the region's dry climate. Pākdasht exists along a distinct urban-rural gradient, transitioning from dense residential areas in its northwest toward agricultural lands and smaller settlements in the southeast. The city forms part of Tehran's southern industrial and residential expansion belt, with numerous manufacturing facilities, warehouses, and transportation corridors concentrated along major highways connecting to Tehran. This positioning within Tehran's pollution plume, combined with local emissions from vehicular traffic, residential heating, and industrial activities, creates complex air quality challenges. The city's location downwind from Tehran's massive urban center means it frequently receives transported pollutants, while its own emissions contribute to regional pollution accumulation, particularly during atmospheric stagnation events.

Pākdasht experiences distinct seasonal air quality patterns shaped by its continental desert climate and proximity to Tehran. During winter (December-February), pollution typically peaks due to temperature inversions that trap pollutants close to the ground, combined with increased emissions from residential heating systems. Cold, stagnant air masses create persistent haze, making these months particularly challenging for respiratory health. Spring (March-May) brings gradual improvement as increased wind activity and occasional precipitation help disperse pollutants, though dust storms from surrounding arid regions can temporarily degrade air quality. Summer (June-August) sees generally better dispersion conditions with stronger daytime winds and thermal convection, but high temperatures and intense sunlight can accelerate photochemical reactions that produce ground-level ozone, particularly during afternoon hours. Autumn (September-November) marks a transition period where decreasing temperatures and reduced wind speeds begin to allow pollution accumulation again, with October and November often showing deteriorating conditions. Sensitive groups including children, elderly residents, and those with pre-existing respiratory or cardiovascular conditions should limit prolonged outdoor exertion during winter months and on days with visible haze or announced poor air quality. The most favorable periods for outdoor activities typically occur during late spring and early summer when dispersion conditions are optimal. Residents should monitor local air quality advisories and plan activities for morning hours when ozone levels are typically lower during warmer months.