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Dyatkovo, nestled within the Bryanskaya Oblast’ of Russia, occupies a geographically significant position within the Central Russian Upland. Located at approximately 53.6°N, 34.3°E, the city’s terrain is characterized by gently rolling hills and lowlands, typical of the region's morainic landscape sculpted by glacial activity during the Pleistocene epoch. The surrounding landscape is predominantly agricultural, with extensive fields of grain and fodder crops dominating the rural areas. This agricultural activity, while vital to the regional economy, contributes to seasonal particulate matter emissions, particularly during harvest periods. Dyatkovo sits near the Desna River, a major tributary of the Dnieper, which influences local humidity and can impact the dispersion of pollutants, sometimes trapping them under stable atmospheric conditions. The city’s urban footprint is relatively compact, reflecting its historical development as a regional administrative and trading center. While not directly adjacent to major industrial belts, it serves as a service hub for surrounding agricultural communities and smaller industrial enterprises, including woodworking and food processing facilities. The urban–rural gradient is gradual, with residential areas blending into agricultural land, creating a mixed landscape. Elevation plays a minor role, with the city situated at a modest altitude, generally below 200 meters above sea level. This low elevation, combined with the surrounding flat terrain, can limit vertical mixing of air pollutants, potentially exacerbating localized air quality issues, especially during periods of temperature inversion.

Dyatkovo’s air quality experiences a distinct seasonal cycle heavily influenced by its continental climate. Winter, spanning from November to March, often presents the most challenging conditions. Cold temperatures and frequent temperature inversions trap pollutants near the ground, leading to increased concentrations of particulate matter and potentially other emissions from residential heating (primarily wood and coal). Fog, common during these months, further restricts dispersion. Spring (April-May) brings a gradual improvement as temperatures rise and wind speeds increase, aiding in pollutant dispersal. However, agricultural activities, including fertilizer application and early field work, can introduce ammonia and other agricultural pollutants. Summer (June-August) generally offers the best air quality, with warmer temperatures promoting atmospheric mixing and frequent rainfall washing away pollutants. However, dry spells can lead to increased dust levels. Autumn (September-October) sees a return to poorer air quality as temperatures cool and agricultural activities intensify, with harvest operations releasing significant amounts of dust and biomass burning contributing to particulate pollution. The months of October and November are particularly susceptible to stagnant air conditions. Sensitive groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory conditions, should limit outdoor exertion during winter and early spring mornings, and be mindful of agricultural activity during harvest season. Maintaining indoor air quality through ventilation and air purification can also be beneficial during periods of elevated pollution.