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Korkuteli, nestled in the Antalya Province of Turkey, occupies a significant geographical position within the Taurus Mountains. Located at coordinates 37.0667° N, 30.2000° E, the city sits at an elevation of approximately 570 meters (1870 feet) above sea level, influencing its climate and air quality. The surrounding landscape is characterised by rugged, forested mountains, interspersed with fertile agricultural plains. Korkuteli is not directly coastal, lying roughly 60 kilometers inland from the Mediterranean Sea, but benefits from the moderating influence of maritime air masses. The region is predominantly agricultural, with extensive citrus groves, olive farms, and grain fields dominating the surrounding areas. This agricultural activity, while vital to the local economy, contributes to potential particulate matter pollution from dust and seasonal burning of agricultural waste. The urban-rural gradient is relatively sharp, with the city centre transitioning quickly to rural farmland and mountainous terrain. Industrial activity is limited, primarily consisting of food processing related to the agricultural output. The valley location, while providing space for settlement, can also trap pollutants during periods of calm weather, exacerbating air quality concerns. The terrain funnels winds, creating localised patterns that affect pollutant dispersion.

Korkuteli’s air quality follows a distinct seasonal pattern. Spring (March-May) sees a rise in particulate matter as agricultural burning increases following the winter months, coupled with pollen release. Winds are variable, sometimes offering dispersion, but temperature inversions can trap pollutants in the valley. Summer (June-August) generally offers the best air quality, with prevailing winds from the Mediterranean helping to flush out pollutants and higher temperatures promoting better atmospheric mixing. However, prolonged drought can lead to increased dust from agricultural lands. Autumn (September-November) marks a transition period, with decreasing temperatures and the potential for stagnant air masses, leading to a build-up of pollutants. November often sees the first fogs, trapping moisture and pollutants near the ground. Winter (December-February) is characterised by increased wood and coal burning for heating, significantly raising particulate matter levels. Temperature inversions are frequent, particularly in December and January, trapping cold, dense air and pollutants close to the ground. Sensitive groups – children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions – should limit outdoor activity during winter mornings and periods of agricultural burning. Monitoring wind direction and avoiding activity during calm, foggy conditions is advisable.