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Selendi, nestled within the Manisa Province of western Turkey, occupies a geographically significant position in the Gediz River Valley. Located at coordinates 38.7444, 28.8678, the town sits at an elevation of approximately 850 meters (2789 feet) above sea level, contributing to a continental climate with distinct seasonal variations. The surrounding landscape is characterised by rolling hills and agricultural plains, typical of the Aegean region. Selendi’s terrain is largely defined by these gentle slopes, transitioning into the more rugged mountains further inland. The Gediz River, a vital water source, flows nearby, influencing local microclimates and agricultural practices. While not heavily industrialised itself, Selendi is situated within a region experiencing agricultural intensification, particularly olive groves, vineyards, and fruit orchards. This agricultural activity, alongside potential emissions from nearby towns and cities, contributes to the local air quality profile. The urban-rural gradient is pronounced; Selendi maintains a relatively small-town character, but is increasingly connected to larger regional centres. This proximity means it’s susceptible to pollutant transport from wider areas, impacting baseline air quality. The valley location can also trap pollutants during periods of calm weather, exacerbating local concentrations.

Selendi’s air quality follows a distinct seasonal pattern, heavily influenced by meteorological conditions and agricultural practices. Spring (March-May) sees a gradual improvement after winter, but pollen counts are high, impacting respiratory health. Summer (June-August) typically offers the cleanest air, with prevailing winds dispersing pollutants and rainfall acting as a natural scrubber. However, high temperatures can contribute to ground-level ozone formation, particularly in areas downwind of agricultural activity. Autumn (September-November) marks a deterioration in air quality as temperatures drop and heating systems are activated, increasing particulate matter from wood and coal burning. This is often coupled with stable atmospheric conditions, leading to pollutant accumulation. Winter (December-February) is generally the worst period for air quality. Temperature inversions are common in the valley, trapping cold air and pollutants near the ground. Reduced sunlight limits dispersion, and increased reliance on solid fuel heating further elevates particulate matter concentrations. Sensitive groups – children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions – should limit strenuous outdoor activity during autumn and winter months. Monitoring wind direction and avoiding activity near agricultural areas during calm summer days is also advisable.